Thursday, August 27, 2020

Nurse shoratges free essay sample

Gatherings Webinars Popular Topics Media Relations Career Link Contact Sitemap Top of Form SEARCH AACN Bottom of Form About AACN Mission and Values Strategic Plan Staff Directory Department Directory Bylaws Committees Task Force Board of Directors Member Schools Affiliated Sites Leading Initiatives Education Resources Publications Research and Data Academic-practice Partnerships Joining Forces Clinical Nurse Leader Doctor of Nursing Practice Public Health Nursing Diversity in Nursing NursingCAS CCNE Accreditation About CCNE Find Accredited Programs Find New Applicant Programs Board Actions Current Reviews Standards, Procedures, Resources New Applicant Process webpage the vicinity Evaluators CCNE online classes Government Affairs About Government Affairs AACN Grassroots Federal Policy Agenda Appropriations Advocacy APRN Advocacy State Advocacy Supported Legislation Policy Briefs Resources Funding Opportunities Archives Membership Members Only How to Join Member Benefits Leadership Development Leadership Networks Leadership Opportunities New Dean Mentoring Program Awards Mailing List Rental Nursing Program Search Faculty Link Faculty Tool Kits Faculty Webinars Curriculum Guidelines Initiative for Academic Nursing Education Scholar ELNEC Geriatric Nursing Students Your Nursing Career Graduate Nursing Student Academy Scholarships Financial Aid Accelerated Nursing Programs Career Resource Center Home/Media Relations/Nursing Shortage Resources/Impact of the Nursing Shortage on Patient Care News Releases Spokesperson Bios AACN News Watch Position Statements White Papers Fact Sheets Talking Points Nursing Shortage Resources About the Nursing Shortage Impact of the Nursing Shortage on Patient Care Strategies to Resolve the Shortage Legislation to Address the Shortage Depiction of Todays Nursing Workforce Report Archives State Work Force Reports Newsletter Subscriptions More Sharing ServicesShare I Share on facebook Share on twitter Share on email Share on print Recent Reports Hospital Nurse Practice Environments and Outcomes for Surgical Oncology Patients In an article distributed in Health Services Research in August 2008, Dr. We will compose a custom exposition test on Medical caretaker shoratges or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Christopher Friese and partners found that nursing instruction level was altogether connected with quiet results. Medical caretakers arranged at the baccalaureate-level were connected with lower mortality and inability to-protect rates. The creators presume that moving to a medical caretaker workforce wherein a higher extent of staff attendants have in any event a baccalaureate-level training would result in considerably less antagonistic results for patients. Impacts of Hospital Care Environment on Patient Mortality and Nurse Outcomes In an examination distributed May 2008 in the Journal of Nursing Administration, (see beneath) which show a solid connection between RN instruction level and patient results. Named Effects of Hospital Care Environment on Patient Mortality and Nurse Outcomes, these driving attendant scientists found that each 10% expansion in he extent of BSN nurture on the emergency clinic staff was related with a 4% decline in the danger of death. Effect of Hospital Nursing Care on 30-day Mortality for Acute Medical Patients In the January 2007 issue of the Journal of Advanced Nursing, another examination approves the discoveries of Dr. Linda Aiken and others that baccalaureate-arranged medical attendants positively affect bringing down death rates. An exploration group drove by Dr. Ann E. Tourangeau from the University of Toronto and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in Ontario, Canada, contemplated 46,993 patients admitted to ospital with respiratory failures, stroke, pneumonia and blood harming. The creators found that: Hospitals with higher extents of baccalaureate-arranged medical attendants would in general have lower 30-day death rates. Our discoveries demonstrated that a 10% expansion in the extent of baccalaureate arranged medical caretakers was related with 9 less passings for each 1,000 released patients. Is the Shortage of Hospital Registered Nurses Getting Better of Worse? In the March-April 2005 issue of Nursing Economics, Dr. Dwindle Buerhaus and partners found that over 75% of RNs accept the nursing deficiency presents a significant issue for the nature of their work ife, the nature of patient consideration, and the measure of time medical attendants can go through with patients. Looking forward, pra ctically totally overviewed medical caretakers consider the to be later on as an impetus for expanding weight on attendants (98%), bringing down patient consideration quality (93%) and making medical caretakers depart the calling (93%). National Survey on Consumers Experiences with Patient Safety and Quality Information In November 2004, results from this national overview found that 40% of Americans think the nature of medicinal services has compounded over the most recent five years. Buyers detailed that the most mportant issues influencing clinical mistake rates are remaining task at hand, stress or weariness among wellbeing experts (74%); too brief period went through with patients (70%); and too not many medical caretakers (69%). This overview was supported by the Kaiser Family Foundation, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Harvard School of Public Health. Examination in real life: Hospital Nurse Staffing and Availability of Care In March 2004, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) gave an amalgamation of nursing research considers that subtleties the effect that staffing levels, staff blend, and training levels have on persistent results. The report refers to contemplates demonstrating that medical clinics with lower nurture staffing levels and less enlisted attendants contrasted and authorized viable medical attendants or attendants associates will in general have higher paces of poor patient results. Guarding Patients: Transforming the Work Environment Publishing in November 2003, this Institute of Medicine calls for considerable changes in the workplace of attendants so as to ensure patients, remembering changes for how medical caretaker staffing levels are set up and required cutoff points on medical attendants work hours. In spite of the developing group of proof that better medical caretaker staff levels result in afer quiet consideration, nurture in some human services offices might be overburdened with up to 12 patients to think about per move. Long work hours present one of the most genuine dangers to tolerant security, since exhaustion eases back response time, decreases meticulousness, and adds to blunders. Instructive Levels of Hospital Nurses and Surgical arranged at the baccalaureate and further extent level is jeopardizing patients. In an article in the September 24, 2003 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Dr. Linda Aiken and her partners at the University of Pennsylvania ound that patients experience fundamentally lower mortality and inability to save rates in medical clinics where more baccalaureate-arranged attendants give direct patient consideration. At any rate 1,700 preventable passings could have been acknowledged in Pennsylvania medical clinics alone if baccalaureate-arranged attendants had contained 60% of the nursing staff and the medical caretaker to-persistent proportions had been set at 1 to 4. Tragically, just of PA emergency clinics have over half of the nursing staff arranged at the baccalaureate level. Perspectives on Practicing Physicians and the Public on Medical Errors An overview eported in the December 12, 2002 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine found that 53% of doctors and 65% of general society refered to the lack of attendants as a main source of clinical blunders. In general, 42% of the general population and in excess of 33% of U. S. specialists revealed that they or their relatives have encountered clinical mistakes over the span of getting clinical consideration. The review was directed by the Harvard School of Public Health and the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Clinic Nurse Staffing and Patient Mortality, Nurse Burnout and Job Dissatisfaction According o an examination distributed in the October 23/30, 2002 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, more attendants at the bedside could spare a huge number of patient lives every year. Medical caretaker scientists at the University of Pennsylvania discovered that patients who have basic medical procedures in emergency clinics with low attendant to-tolerant proportions have an up to 31% expanded possibility of passing on. Financed by the National Institute for Nursing Research, the investigation found that each extra patient in a normal emergency clinic medical caretakers remaining task at hand expanded the danger of death in careful patients by 7%. Having too scarcely any medical attendants may really cost more cash given the significant expenses of supplanting wore out medical caretakers and thinking about patients with poor results.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Sample of Event Proposal for Beach Party At Gold Coast Australia

Question: You are to settle on another occasion idea for your picked goal and compose an occasion proposition which portrays the occasion and legitimizes the occasion idea corresponding to the attributes of your picked destination.Identification of key partners at the goal who might should be counseled in the occasion arranging process.Explanation of how the occasion will add to the travel industry objectives of the district and furthermore clarify how the occasion utilizes accessible assets at the goal. Answer: Presentation Documentation of Event Proposal, for any of the occasions to be facilitated, is a crucial undertaking for the fitting arranging, execution and control on the few occasion related exercises. An Event Proposal regularly indicates the usefulness of a proposed occasion concerning a few related elements (Van der Wagen, 2002). This occasion proposition is in like manner expected to calendar and plan for a Beach Party Event facilitated by a rumored Australian Advertising Firm, on Account of its Silver Jubilee Celebrations.The Gold coast locale is a seaside city arranged in the southeastern Queensland of the Australian landmass. This area is comprehensively founded on the east expense of the Australian mainland and has advanced as an amazingly famous diversion goal among the metropolitan Australian populace. This occasion area is popular for recreational and get-togethers among close held social gatherings just as corporate gatherings (Faulkner Tideswell, 2012). The travel industry advanceme nt activities of the Australian governement has additionally increased expanded perceivability to the gold coast Area among the universal voyagers, making this occasion goal as one of the most wanted gathering goals among local just as worldwide Target Audiences. Depiction of the Event Occasions can be comprehensively delegated Social and Family occasions, or Business and corporate occasions. These can be of changed nature and have consistently been a piece of social ethos in our general public. They become significant as they give a feeling of harmony to members and gives a stage to share encounters and trade considerations (Berridge, 2006).The Gold Coast Sunset Beach Party is an amusement cum limited time occasion, facilitated by REBORN Advertising Agency by virtue of its Silver Jubilee Celebrations. The association of this occasion is the sole obligation of the advertising branch of the Reborn Ad office. This occasion should be sorted out at one of the countrys renowned Hotels, situated at the world popular Gold coast district in Queensland, Australia. The Event is booked to be led on First of March 2015, at Hotel Jupiters Gold Coast, who might be helping the PR branch of the Reborn Company with association of the Beach Party occasion. There would be around 500 rundown of outer invitees for this occasion, notwithstanding the 200 existing workers of the organization, who will be taking an interest in the occasion. Span and Schedule of the Event The Following would be the Key achievements that the REBORN Advertising Agency would need to execute while booking their Silver Jubilee Beach Party Event to be sorted out at the Hotel Jupiters Gold Coast on first March 2015:Sending Email Invitation to the Participants and Invitees for the occasion would be executed by the Public Relations division of REBORN Advertising Agency. The Invitation messages would be most recent sent by first February 2015. The Invitees would along these lines be educated one month ahead of time, so they would handily have the option to consolidate going to the occasion, in their separate schedules.Last date for the Event Registration by Participants and tolerating the solicitations sent by REBORN would be booked by tenth of February, 2015. The Invitees would be given a time allotment of 10 days to enlist on the companys site for going to the occasion. The affirmed invitees would then be given goes for the event.Few volunteers from the current workers of the organization would be recognized to co-ordinate with the media and press for having full media inclusion to the occasion. This would powerful promote the brand name of the REBORN Agency and would fill in as a successful advertising technique for the companys business.The Following would be the proposed plan for the occasion: Welcome discourse to the Invitees by PR head of REBORN 5.00 p.mSharing of Future Plans of REBORN by CEO of REBORN 5.15 p.m.Exchange of welcome from the patrons 5.30 p.mFelicitation of Esteemed customers of REBORN 5.45 p.m.Live Music Band 6.00 p.m.Opening of Snacks and Drinks counter 6.30 p.m onwardsDance Party 6.45 p.m onwardsDinner8.00 p.m onwards Area of the Event Jupiters Gold Coast Hotels and Casino and is one of the famous the travel industry and entertainment goal along the Gold Coast Region of Australia. This contiguous Beach of this Hotel Property, situated along the Gold Coast Area in Queensland Australia is distinguished to be the proposed area for the Beach Party Event to be planned on first of March 2015, because of the Silver Jubilee capacity of the publicizing organization REBORN. The Hotel Jupiters is arranged on Broad sea shore Island (some portion of Gold Coast of Queensland) and is roughly 20 minutes drive from the well known Coolangatta Airport and about an hours drive from the Brisbane Airport Facilitating Details of the Event (remembering subtleties for Funding and sponsorship) Cooking The In-house cooking and café offices of the inn are similarly engaging. The Hotel right now serves food from seven distinct pieces of the world, offering an assortment of cooking styles, at its live counters set up in a shade at the Beach side. The providing food menu would be restricted to Chinese, Italian and bona fide Australian cooking styles as being in much appeal according to the neighborhood segment information (Tourism Research Australia, 2013). The starters and welcome beverages would likewise be remembered for the menu. There would likewise be a live bar counter organized from 500 meters contiguous the sea shore zone. Other Infrastructure ArrangementsThe Jupiters Group of Hotels condition of craftsmanship framework offices and sea shore party game plans empowers a straightforward sea shore area arrangement a celebrated and refined scene look. The framework courses of action gave on sea shore side by the inn the board are perfect for leading social gatherings and business occasions, in any event, for the corporate customers of the Hotel gathering. The Arrangements incorporate resting territories, transitory wash rooms and evolving rooms, Music and speaker Arrangements, Live Music Station, Lighting Arrangements, Parking Arrangements, and so on. Financing/Funding the Event The Public and private financing have advanced as the most searched out alternatives for subsidizing corporate occasions and gatherings that would include conspicuous characters across ventures. The Reborn Advertising office is one of the up and coming advertisement organizations in the nation and has served a few esteemed establishments and private organizations before. The Company as needs be has a great deal of regarded customer base, who might be a piece of the invitee list for the occasion. In this way, the association group of this occasion has just begun getting barely any great proposals from a few supporting brands, which are eager to fund a piece of this occasion, at the expense of offering free advancements and hoardings to these brands at the occasion. The supervisory crew of Reborn Advertising has in like manner chose two backers that would subsidize 20 percent every one of the complete occasion association costs. Both these supporters are noticeable customers of the org anization and have been brand faithful with the Reborn promoting firm since last fifteen years.Goals and Objectives of the Event The key objectives and goals of sorting out the Sunset Beach Party Event by REBORN Advertising organization is to praise the business achievement of the organization; the accomplishment of finishing 25 years (silver Jubilee) in the Advertising industry with its regarded corporate customers. Additionally, pulling in media consideration by setting up a lively gathering at the sea shore side in an extravagant area is likewise an optional goal behind sorting out the occasion. Such a movement would naturally expand the brand name of the REBORN Advertising office, which would be decidedly reflected in the business working of the company.Target Audience for the Event The intended interest group stronghold the occasion would predominantly be partitioned in to three categories:1. The Employees of the organization REBORN, who served the organization dedicatedly for a long time, would be welcome to the gathering as a respect for their service.2. The Esteemed customers of the organization REBORN, who were brand faithful to the organization and gave business for the organization that caused its to endure the market rivalry. They would be welcomed by REBORN as a piece of appreciation appeared to them.3. The overall population everywhere who might be seeing the media inclusion of this occasion would likewise be a piece of target Audience of the event.Passes for the sea shore party occasion would be given to the ideal invitees by the Human assets division of REBORN at the sheer carefulness of the administration of the Organization. SWOT investigation of the Event SWOT investigation in Event the executives, is a powerful apparatus that helps in distinguishing the capabilities and shortcomings of an Event to be sorted out. This apparatus additionally helps in observing the shortcomings so as to maintain a strategic distance from them from turning out to be potential dangers. The open doors as far as advancement for the occasion arranging and execution are additionally recognized through this instrument. Let us attempt a short SWOT examination for the Beach Party Event to be sorted out at the Australian Gold Coast Location.Strengths: The Purpose of the occasion of observing Silver Jubilee of Reborn Advertising office is the best quality of the event.The choice of luxurious area of having sea shore party at Gold coast is for sure solidarity to this occasion. The entrancing magnificence of the spot at dusk would be one of the unmistakable attractions of the occasion. The amusement programs masterminded the event.Weaknesse

Friday, August 21, 2020

Benefits of a Volunteering Gap Year

Benefits of a Volunteering Gap Year Benefits of a Volunteering Gap Year Volunteering during your gap year before university â€" this item on the agenda will almost definitely send students’ opinions flying in one of two directions: Response 1: “What!? Why waste your time volunteering when you can have fun partying?”Response 2: “Wow, how [insert amazing compliment here] of you!”While it may be fun partying all year (especially if your friends are trapped in the library), that can eventually get old â€" no really, trust me!  Ready for a change? What better way to spend your time than... (cue drumroll and spotlight) volunteer work!Here's my list of why some good ol’ fashioned volunteering can be incredibly rewarding and useful if you’re on a gap year just before starting university.1. Get an advantage with your university application  Here’s a snappy example: Student A has a perfectly written university application, perfect grades and stunning references. Student B has  a perfectly written university application, drop-dead gorgeous grades, shining references  and  has done some volunteering work.Tough choice for admission tutors? No way â€" Student B gets the place! I mentioned briefly a relevant vol unteer project I was part of in my UCAS statement (used in UK university applications) and it definitely helped.Guess what â€" relevant and interesting volunteer work, especially if linked to the subject you are applying for, can make or break your university application.  2. Cultural exposure and getting out of your comfort zoneIf you choose to volunteer abroad during your gap year, you will have the once in a lifetime opportunity to immerse yourself in an entirely different culture.The people are different, food may be entirely strange (fried scorpions for dinner â€" how delicious!) and you might have to take some time to adjust and settle down.Living in a faraway place can be exciting but daunting, and the most important thing to remember is to not give up â€"  after all, it’s a new cultural experience that you won't ever forget.  You could even learn a new language along the way. Très bon!3. Make new friends and meet new peopleVolunteering is a great way to add to your social circles and meet like-minded people. What’s life without new friends, new people, new laughter and new ideas?Who knows, you might even meet someone who will change your life or can inspire you to do something completely unexpected.  4. Improve your people skillsYou’ll come into contact with many new people while volunteering, including people that you wouldn’t usually get to meet and spend time with.Not only does this provide valuable exposure, but also allows you to improve your socialising skills! Stop being the hermit you used to be (if you’re one of those stay-in types or live in cyberspace), get out and live!  5. Come back with great stories - and bragging rights!OK, so you won’t get the automatic right to brag endlessly without taking a breath, but one thing’s for sure: when you finish volunteering you will have some real-life, interesting and unique stories to tell everyone around you.Volunteering experience makes great conversation starters at dinner parties, an d you’ll definitely stand out for being the one with the weird story about being chased by angry bees while camping at midnight in the foot of the Himalayas!  6. Preparation for the futureDepending on what kind of volunteering you do, the task could prepare you for work in a relevant field.  Also, some voluntary roles do look fantastic on a CV or résumé, and can give you extra points in the job-hiring process.So don’t let your gap year go to waste and make sure you sign up for some volunteering work. You never know what you’ll get out of it, but those who put themselves out there will always find the best rewards.Be fearless, ready to explore and most importantly, be open-minded!

Monday, May 25, 2020

My Leadership Style At Georgia Southern University

Throughout my time in the Lead and Serve Living and Learning Community I have been able to further develop my leadership skills and utilize these skills in various situations. Before coming to Georgia Southern University, my leadership style focused on teamwork, hard work, efficiency, and time management. Through my experiences in Lead and Serve, I have found that there are many other attributes needed to be an efficient and good leader. These attributes include open communication, open-mindedness, patience, inclusiveness, and responsibility. Through my interview I conducted with my older brother, Nathaniel, for the Live the Change class I found hard work and dedication to be crucial when leading others. I needed to work hard at whatever I was trying to accomplish in order to both inspire those I was leading to work hard as well as ensure efficiency in my own work. Teamwork has also been crucial to leadership since working with the team you lead is necessary for the group to run smoo thly. Finally, I found time management to be important because if I waited until the last minute to do something it affected not only me but those I was leading and caused us to not do our best in the short amount of time. I have also found that open communication is important to not only being a leader but also to everyday life through my experiences in the Lead and Serve community. Since I did not feel as though I was being heard when I first joined the LLC and I had to work with others to getShow MoreRelatedMaya Angelou : An Amazing Woman1155 Words   |  5 PagesMaya Angelou â€Å"My mission in life is not merely to survive, but to thrive; and to do so with some passion, some compassion, some humor, and some style.†(Angelou 1). Maya Angelou was an amazing woman. Although she had a difficult childhood, she grew up to be and outstanding woman. 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No part of this publicationRead MoreHow Feminists Have Made Countless Advancements For Women3690 Words   |  15 Pagesintercollegiate sports for women at big universities, no scholarships, prize money, or any races longer than 800 meters is because women don’t have the opportunities to prove they want those things.† (1967 Boston Marathon) She endured on-going verbal attacks from the race officiator and with pure determination finished the race knowing that if she did not, â€Å"people will say women can’t do it!† (1967 Boston Marathon) The effects of feminism have already had a direct impact on my life starting with the opportunity

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Consequences Of Punishment In Dantes The Inferno

â€Å"No one thinks of how much blood it costs. â€Å"The person who said this is the same revolutionary that wrote the Inferno. He is talking about war, and about what violence brings, when no one thinks about the consequences. In his poem, The Inferno, he goes through hell meeting and talking with people in the different circles. These layers get worse the longer the poem lasts, and as long as Dante traverses the unknown depths of the devil’s kingdom. In canto 12, Dante and his guide Virgil, come across some interesting creatures that are watching and are helping torture their victims. In most people eyes, these beings are the most deserving of their punishment in the inferno, and the interesting thing about this sin is that not everyone can†¦show more content†¦If someone would to get past the Minotaur in the front, they would only have to deal with a whole squad of centaurs on their way down the mountain. According to Teodolinda Barolini, Centaurs, much like the Minotaur, are easily connected with anger since they are most often depicted with fiery tempers. They find a way not to be shot with arrows and soon find their way riding Nessus through the river, Phlegethon. Its no coincidence that this seemingly regular Centaur hi their guide. Nessus was killed by Heracles after being found to rape his wife. Nessus, before he died, gave a cloak to Heracles’s wife, who then gave it to her husband some years later. She didn’t know it had poison on it that would kill her husband, making Nessus a murderer. Hollander states, â€Å"Vengeful, Nessus displays his connection to violence against others†, and is now being used as a fairy-man and guide. Dante selected these creatures for this area for a special reason, so that there could be a connection with the humans being tortured. Dante doesn’t connect on a personal level with being violent towards others, he had to make something to catch the eye of his readers. In-betwee n the meeting of the two species of mythological monsters, there is a long downward sloping mountain that they must traverse in order to reach the river. This is just like anger. Someone starts to be mad, thenShow MoreRelatedDante Alighieri s Inferno, And The Book Of Revelation1584 Words   |  7 PagesDante Alighieri’s epic poem, Inferno, and the Book of Revelation as told by John in the Bible each regale the natural curiosity of humans involving manifestations of endings and possibilities of new beginnings in the afterlife. The purpose of informing God’s people of these manifestations and possibilities is mutual and key to the preparedness of humans for life after death. Still, justice is surely delivered appropriately in Inferno and Revelation, due to God’s brilliant arrangements. 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Political and religious stability were crumbling and as a result order disintegrated, many started to claim to be the Pope, people were idolizing wealth and corruption, and a majority of relationships were stemmed f rom adultery. As a result, throughout his cantos, DanteRead More Snakes of Time in Dantes Hell Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesin literature since â€Å"The Fall,† when God transformed Satan into a beguiling snake and â€Å"[c]ursed† Satan to slide â€Å"on [his] belly† for all eternity for his deception (Alter 41). Dante uses snakes in his epic poem, the Inferno, to tie the fraudulent nature of thieves to their punishment in the seventh bolgia of the eighth circle of Hell. Snakes have metaphorically slithered through time and shed, taking on new appearances as deceivers in society. 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With each of the circles in hell, there is a punishment that resembles each of sins committed. Based on the reactions that the pilgrims give through textual conversations between Virgil and Dante. It can be concluded that theRead MoreDantes Inferno and the Garden of Earthly Delights1252 Words   |  6 PagesGarden of Earthly Delights painted by Hieronymus Bosch, depicts many vivid fictional scenes in triptych style. The right wing of the triptych depicts Hell and the causes of mans downfall, which Dante wrote about in the Inferno. Dante tries to convey to all humanity the consequences of human actions and the levels of hell that he believes exist for different levels of sins. Dante divides Hell up into ten differ ent circles, and there is an upper and a lower level of Hell. Dante and Bosch have similarRead MoreThe Bond of Communion: An Analysis of the Communal Bonds throughout Dantes Inferno1322 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bond of Communion: An Analysis of the Communal bonds throughout Dante Alighieri’s The Inferno Human beings are odd creatures, possessing abilities no other living species have. These abilities being Intelligence, Reason, and Free Will. These attributes allow human beings to value and destroy whatever they deem necessary to them. One of the most valuable things to a human being is the communal bond. This bond comes in many shapes and forms and is ultimately a form of love, and is usually a connectionRead MoreDantes Expedition of Revenge in The Divine Comedy1033 Words   |  4 Pagesjourney that was motivated by acrimony, revenge and retribution. The Divine Comedy is a story of Dante’s expedition through the afterlife with the help from a Roman poet, Virgil. In the Divine Comedy living in Hell is the same as living on earth in poverty today. Today, there are many politicians who are trying to help with the welfare of poverty, but they never follow through with their goals. Throughout Dante’s life on earth he witnesses the corruption of the church and power given to higher authoritiesRead More Dantes Divine Comedy - Good and Evil in The Inferno Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesLessons of Good and Evil in The Inferno      Ã‚   In The Inferno, Dante explores the ideas of Good and Evil. He expands on the possibilities of life and death, and he makes clear that consequences follow actions. Like a small generator moving a small wheel, Dante uses a single character to move through the entire of Hells eternity. Yet, like a clock, that small wheel is pivotal in turning many, many others. This single character, Dante himself, reveals the most important abstract meaning in himself:

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Ida Scudder s Childhood Years - 1525 Words

During Ida Scudder’s childhood years, she experienced a horrible famine in India. Her parents threw themselves into helping as much as they could. Soon, however, her father, Dr. John Scudder II, grew ill and the entire family returned to America. At first, this move proved difficult for Ida who only lived in India so far. Her family history interconnected with India since her grandfather, Dr. John Scudder I, started his missionary doctor practice overseas, thus beginning a family legacy of missionary work in India. Many of his children and grandchildren traveled back to India to continue ministering to India. His son Dr. John Scudder II also began doctoring the people of India. Thus, Ida was born in Ranipet, India, on December 8, 1870. Despite this legacy, after three years of living in America, Ida â€Å"made herself a promise: no matter what, she would never live in India again.† Nine years later, despite Ida’s vow, her father traveled back to India with her mother following two years later. Ida resented their family missionary past and traveled to Chicago to live with her uncle and aunt, Dr. Henry and Fanny Scudder. However, soon, Dr. Henry also began his missionary endeavors in Japan. Therefore, Ida attended Northfield Ladies Seminary with no intentions of returning to India. Unfortunately, Ida soon received a telegram beckoning her to aid her very ill mother. The reunion proved difficult for Ida, especially since she blamed her parents for their lack of support during her

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Process Design and Facility Layout

Question: Discuss about the Relationship between Process Design and Facility Layout. Answer: The Relationship between Process Design and Facility Layout The organization today whether in manufacturing, public or private sectors of the economy are faced with the quality and efficiency choice which is subject to survival in the competitive global economy. Thus the performance of an organization requires maximization and the cost function requires minimization which calls for operation management in the organization of production processes and service delivery processes through coordination of resources, personnel, and facility space in order to maximize output, reduce errors and maintain the quality of production. Thus the role of operations management in the overall functioning of the firm is the choice of products, choice of technology, costing and sourcing decisions which enable the running of the organization (Mahadevan, 2010, p. 4). The focus of this assignment is to explore the role of operations management in the process design and facility layout and how these are correlated in bringing the functions of operations management. Process Design and Facility Layout Operations management is important in the organization effort to increase the level of productivity and cost reduction and thus this call for the development of systems which fit the production and service sectors. Operation systems are key in designing processes which are essential for the determination of workflow and patterns and the equipment needed for production. In both production and service industries, there is need to consider the market requirements and thus efficient feedback is suitable for the development of process design. Process design is an evaluation of the internal organization and developing systems and processes which suit the activity the organization is undertaking. Failure to develop effective systems and processes, the organization is likely to experience slow productivity and service delivery and thus a threat to its survival and profitability (Friesen, 2012, p. 5). The following factors should be considered in developing a good process design in order the organization to maximize productivity and profitability. There should be a balance between the cost and efficiency of the process with regards to the production goals or service delivery objectives of an organization. Other factors to consider is the contribution of the process design to the output and quality of production. Facility layout in operations management is focused on the organization of the workspace, the processes, materials, and information in the workplace. This involves organizing the workforce or the employees, the equipment and machines for production and generally the facility. A proper facility layout encourages the free flow of work and information and thus the issue of specialization lowers the effectiveness of process design and workflow. Facility layout is dependent on the total space available and other factors such as pollution, a convenience which are likely to affect the productivity of employees. The correlation between process design and facility layout lies in the need for efficiency and increase productivity while reducing the costs in an organization (Ingram, n.d.p. 3). Facility Layout Types Facility layout takes different types given the activities involved in the particular facility. For instance, the product layout which involves the organization of materials and equipment according to the operations and processes involved in the product of a certain product. This type favors large-scale production of a single product and in turn, helps in minimizing the work process and utilize on storage. The other type of layout is the functional or process layout which is flexibility centered and thus there is no sequential arrangement of equipment. The fixed position layout is embraced in modern facilities engaging in manufacturing and it involves pooling together of resources such as manpower, equipment, machines to a common and fixed location which increase the level of convenience and economical in terms of costs and space (Kumar Suresh, 2009, p. 82). Theoretical Illustration The choice of process design and proper facility layout can be explained by the use of the critical path method which uses mapping in the creation of activities in the workplace and indicating the proper path of flow of materials, information among other requirements involved in the production process. The critical path method maps the timescales for completion of a task and the resources required for each time scale. The time scale generates the inputs, expected outputs and labor requirements for each task. This model is key in value addition and efficiency in the production processes. The goal of operations management is productivity and thus the management is responsible for the balance between output and input in the production process (Ingram, n.d.p. 3). Supply chain and operation management Operation management activities cut across all the processes and systems involved in the production process. Materials for production and the finished products are key in the performance of an organization. The establishment of right distribution paths through the critical path model helps an organization limit on the supply chain costs and value addition through service and product delivery in short time span (Toni, 2016, p. 3). Conclusion Operation management in the business today is subject to changes brought about by globalization, technological advancements and changes and thus the approach an organization uses in its operations should e able to withstand the global competition. The management should embrace changes in the process designs as well as facility layout so as to increase convenience in the workplace and enhance the workflow in terms of materials and information which is important for quality and efficiency. The nature of business today is international and thus the investment in operations management helps in coordinating the production, sourcing, and distribution of products for the end goal of profitability. References Friesen, Mike. "Process Design in Operations Management." Business 2 Community. Last modified January 12, 2012. https://www.business2community.com/strategy/process-design-in-operations-management-0115526#3Xb5AfZJEzvaieMd.97. Ingram, David. "About Process Selection Facility Layout in Operations Management | Chron.com." Small Business - Chron.com. Accessed January24,2017. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/process-selection-facility-layout-operations-management-13824.html. Kumar, S. Anil, and N. Suresh. Operations Management. New Delhi: New Age International, 2009. Mahadevan, B. Operations Management: Theory and Practice. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2010. Toni, Alberto F. De, and Alberto F. De Toni. International Operations Management: Lessons in Global Business. 2016.

Friday, April 10, 2020

Cherry Orchard By Chekhov Essays - The Cherry Orchard,

Cherry Orchard By Chekhov There is a convincing debate whether The Cherry Orchard is a tragedy or a comedy. Chekhov strongly argues that the play is a comedy and should be performed as a comedy. The philosopher Aristotle can support Chekhov perception of his play. Aristotle defines a comedy as "an imitation of characters of a lower type who are not bad in themselves but whose faults possess something ludicrous in them." The misinterpretation of The Cherry Orchard is due to a misunderstanding of what a comedy is. The sympathy and compassion of the main characters in The Cherry Orchard should not blind the reader to the fact that they are virtually comic characters. For example no character could be more ludicrous then a patrician like Gayev, whose characteristics according to Chekhov are "suavity and elegance". It is not the fact that Gayev becomes a bank official that is laughable but that sense the beginning of the play it is made quite clear that he would not be able to hold a job for even a month. It is also ironic that Gayev would become a bank official considering that it is obvious that he and the rest of his family are all terrible with money. Along with Gayev his sister's ability to understand business and budget their money is completely ludicrous. Through out the play Ranyevskaya continuously spends money although the family is broke and losing everything they own. She has Leonid give Pishchik two hundred and forty rubles although she has told Pishchik "I have no money, my sweet." This is ridiculous and the reader has to laugh at the ignorance of this family. Even more ludicrous is Ranyevskaya concern for the lost of her belongs but makes no attempt to save them. After Lopakhin has spent act one and some of act two explaining how to save the land Ranyevskaya is ably to ask, "what can we possibly do? Tell us." This leaves Lopakhin to make a comical comment about this family "such a strange unbusiness like people." Although tragic events are taking place through out the play, the characters actions and dialect is comical. The symbolism of the sale of the cherry orchard can be sent as comical; it becomes a seminal icon for the memories of the family. This play is generated on seminal values of this family. No one in the family wants to see the cherry orchard go but it is ludicrous that the family does not see that the cherry orchard is going either by sale or development. Sense this is a fact, it is only risible that the family should profit from the lost of the cherry orchard. The importance of seminal values should be over run by the importance of survival. Ranyevskaya does not seem to be concerned with survival and can only see the cherry orchard as a seminal object. This is completely ridiculous and demonstrates the comical actions of Ranyevskaya. The view of the cherry orchard as a seminal object also effects the true objective of the cherry orchard. Firs says: "In the old days, forty, fifty years ago, they used to dry the cherries, they used to soak them, they used to pickle them, they used to make jam out of them, and year after year." This caption informs the reader that the original purpose for the land was for profit. Ranyevskaya memories of the orchard as a fantastic playground disallows her to see the truth that the cherry orchard was just her parents business and it is time to change the business because times have changed. Every one of the many characters was carefully planned out to show some purpose in the message conveyed in The Cherry Orchard. Chekhov is able to show that the core of humanity is full of ludicrous emotions and ideas. The importance of the use of comedy in the play conveys with the importance of comedy in our lives. It shows the reader how the most ridiculous moments and decisions are probably the most important ones. The decisions of the characters are full of "faults that posses something ludicrous in them" which allows this to be considered a comedy.

Monday, March 9, 2020

cultural slavery essays

cultural slavery essays Slave Culture Slavery in America thrived and continued to grow because there was a scarcity of labor. Cultivation of crops on plantations could be supervised while slaves used simple routines to harvest them, the low price at which slaves could be bought, and earning profits as a bonus for not having to pay hired work. But in the beginning half of the 19th century a strong push for slavery's final straw was coming. The people of the South tended to be more genteel, and seemed not quite adjusted to hard work, but more to giving orders. The idea of telling people how to do their work just seemed to fit all too well into this scenario. Slaves lived under virtually unsuitable conditions. Douglass' account of a slave's life told of the trying times on the plantation. An allowance was given to the workers. A monthly allowance consisted of mostly of pork and corn meal but also some money. Yearly slaves were given clothes, a couple shirts, and two pairs of pants-one pair of pants for winter and one pair for the other times of the year. They were not given beds to sleep on but rather a blanket for the floor. On top of lack of basic necessities slaves were forced to work around the clock. If they were not at their total output for the minute their owners they would be forced by the whip and "encouraged" to work harder, as an owner might feel. They were always subject to profanity from their masters and treated more like horses. Just like horses they were bred to be strong, in the mindset of outputSlave owners would also sexually take ...

Saturday, February 22, 2020

D2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

D2 - Assignment Example The environment is critical in shaping and determining the child’s development. In transition to parenthood, Cochenour and Chrisman (61) explain this stage to be a critical stage where the young parents are redefining their career growth, while at the same time a child comes along to require more attention and care from the two. Thus according to Cochenour and Chrisman, a child can be source of joy or conflict; the care of the child puts more strain on the parents, who are still required to utilize their strengths in defining their new career goals (Cochenour and Chrisman 64). The extended family thus chips in to offer the child the required development; the child no long belongs to the parents alone, but has to identify her/ himself with the large family context as all the family members have a role to play in shaping the child’s development. In addition, this brings about the sense of belonging and inclusiveness, which is necessary in defining identity. To solve the p roblems of conflict between parents as the new child requires more attention and care from the two; both parents have to actively participate in rearing the child; the role should never be left as an obligation of a particular parent. This creates the required environment for child development. Parents should also choose an environment that would be constructive in the child’s development. In understanding the structure of a family, the family systems theory would be of much importance to childhood educators. Cochenour and Chrisman (62) explain that the theory’s primary concept is that the family consists of interconnected members, with each member influencing the other in predictable and recurring ways. The theory would largely focus on the family behaviors and history to influence an individual’s behavior. Therefore, understanding this theory would help early child educators to have prior knowledge related to the several types of families,

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Cats and Girls painting by Balthus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cats and Girls painting by Balthus - Essay Example The essay "Cats and Girls painting by Balthus" explores Balthus's Cats and Girls painting. Farago in his article expresses similar misunderstanding where he likens the current state of media with Bathus’ works. Hence, implying for anything to have adequate and sizable audience ought to exhibit a certain degree of nudity though based on Bathus’ works the nudity of small girls could only being in the minds of pervert people. According to Bathus, his characters comprised of girls barely out of puberty whereby those who viewed them ought not to entertain thoughts of nudity that could attract somebody sexually because they were all children. This perception did not convince numerous scholars and especially viewers whereby some termed certain portraits extremely disturbing. Hence, prompting Metropolitan Museum of Art choose certain section solely for those works that were provocative such that viewers especially those with children could not visit towards those sections (Smit h). Smith in his article speaks plainly referring Bathus’ preference of depicting nude adolescents as â€Å"infatuation† irrespective of their age. Since, compared to varied mediums used by other artists he tends to exhibit unequaled preference of young nude girls though in his work they seem naà ¯ve and unaware of any strangeness of exposing themselves. Similarly, Gensler towards the end of his article contends Bathus’ images contrary to what he may imply; relay erotic content mostly associated with wicked imagination. especially when staring at teen girls. The affirmation of this is evident with the presence of a cat though to numerous viewers they may end up taking its presence literally but according to Gensler, it is a deeper assertion of sexuality. Hence, violating children’s privacy and sexuality whereby in the latter trying to exhibit a man can at will â€Å"access† budding womanhood (Gensler). This is highest level of provocation despite the artist trying to imply literally encompasses naivety of little girls and their love for cats. Conversely, Magada-Ward despite finding Bathus’ works depicting unequaled provocation especially concerning the sexuality of young girls; she adopts point that is more neutral by comparing what other interpreters have cited about true intend of the artist. Since, this is what matters despite viewers bearing their own interpretations. In her interpretation while taking care of layperson’s perspective, Bathus through his works he presents the age gap when a girl is trying to discover herself before entering to full womanhood (Magada-Ward 26). Hence, the presence of mirrors that serve the purposes of â€Å"metaphors for the pleasure of self-recognition3† and â€Å"vehicles for self-comprehension4† whose presence in the artworks is imagery as a reflection of one’s status similar to the girls once they are studying themselves (Magada-Ward 26). Magada-Ward b esides analyzing Bathu’s implication, she offers her interpretation and criticism that almost aligns with that of layperson though hers is a bit mild. This is because of her recognition that artworks play the role of arousing people’s tensions into retaliations, which differ across individuals based on morals and what one deems to be

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Culture and Special Education Essay Example for Free

Culture and Special Education Essay In this paper we concern ourselves with the ways in which schools in general and special education procedures in particular tend to not be successful for those of our students who are from a different culture. (While we focus on Canadian Aboriginals, we also extend our thinking to those children who come from different races, ethnicities, socio-economic backgrounds, etc. ) We outline the stories that have brought us to this place. We then go on to suggest that the adoption of different understandings and approaches could lead to the academic success of children from a variety of different cultures and backgrounds. We conclude with some direction for change. In this paper we, two white educators, concern ourselves with the education of those students of Aboriginal descent who are seen by the school system as special. Our concerns are based on the stories we use to understand ourselves and our actions stories of mistold history, socio-political issues, racism, the misuse of science and the ways those stories disadvantage those who are different. Our hope is that we can begin to explore different more hopeful and empowering stories. There are many reasons to be concerned about the existing state of special education, particularly with our Aboriginal students. Currently the following are common; 1. Our special education classes are top-heavy with Aboriginal and disadvantaged students. 2. We tend to focus on the deficits in other children rather than on the possibilities. We could embrace the position of William Glasser (1986): we choose to be whom and what we, and others, believe we are. [1] 3. We do not concern ourselves with the differences brought to school by children from other than the dominant culture. [2] 4. We are asking all small school children to do the pretty much the same thing at pretty much the same time and to meet some arbitrary standard of what they should or should not be able to do. We act despite current research concerning physiology and early childhood experience, which suggests that children are not ready for the same task at the same time. 5. The tests that we give children to determine the reasons for failure at school tasks are fallible and culturally insensitive and subjective. 6. A label tends to freeze a child in the definition attached to the label. 7. We have a tendency to blame the victim or to blame the social background rather than look at ways we can change. Clearly we need to find another way of viewing children and their learning. We are hoping to uncover stories that currently mediate, impair and colonize our special education practices, thereby beginning a dialogue concerning alternative stories of strength, knowing and power. Stories that Get in the Way History Stories Malia Kaniaupuni (2005) tells us how archeologists and historians have accepted a theory of accidental migration from Polynesia to the Hawaiian Islands to explain a 2200-mile voyage on the open seas. This in spite of evidence to the contrary, which makes it clear that the early Polynesian explorers did indeed have the sophisticated system of navigation needed for a planned and successful voyage. Malia Kaniaupuni’s point is that the assumption of a people with no learning, no culture, no anything but maybe good luck, made it possible for colonizers to take on in their own minds the mantle of rescuer. Iseke-Barnes (2005) is also concerned about the misrepresentation of Indigenous history and science. She wants us to challenge those assumptions that the colonizers found a people in need of saving from their own ignorance. Paulo Freire (1971, 1997) has spent many years studying the impact of oppression on the colonized. In the name of saving a backward people from themselves the colonizers were able to perpetuate acts of cultural genocide and worse. The use of this story continues to impact on how the dominant cultures act out their oppression. History is written by the winner, therefore we need to be highly critical of the history we read. While more blatant misrepresentations of the history of Canada are beginning to disappear, the whole story of colonization is not being told or written or disseminated. Instead, we are still trying to save lost Aboriginal souls. History stories mediate, impair and colonize special education practice, which we will illustrate by describing a socio-political and a scientific rigor story. A Socio-Political Story This is a story of the purpose of education. We suppose schools are places where children are educated. But what are children educated to do or be? Gitlin (2005) gives a disturbing answer to this question: [Public education is] not intended to fill the young of the species with knowledge and awaken their intelligence †¦Nothing could be further from the truth. The aim †¦is simply to reduce as many individuals as possible to the safe level, to breed and train a standardized citizenry, to put down dissent and originality. That is its aim in the United States†¦ and that is its aim everywhere else. (p. 22) Many may disagree with this disturbing answer, suggesting that school graduates, for the most part, go on to become productive citizens. But citizenry becomes problematic when referring to Aboriginal peoples – it seems clear that, for the most part, people of Aboriginal heritage do not go on to become productive citizens within the dominant culture. A lack of successful citizenry by Aboriginal peoples seems to justify special education programs that are top heavy with Aboriginal students. But success is politicized. Skovsmose (2005) outlines how schools practice both classic[3] and progressive[4] racism. Such practice allows us as educators not to have to take any responsibility for the failure of the child, as clearly the child brings the cause for his or her weak performance into school. Therefore: Many deficiency theories (theories of the deprived child) follow the approach of racism in explaining away the socio-political dimension of school performances, by privatizing and personalizing the causes of such performance. (p. 5) So: The epistemic interpretation of learning obstacle is not the only one possible. However, processes of exclusion in education can be dressed up in such a way that their political dimension becomes hidden and ignored. It could appear that exclusion is not imposed on students. Instead, exclusion may appear as a consequence of some students so-called low achievement. (p. 4) He goes on to say that this leads to a particular way of organizing teaching/learning processes in ways that prevent students from acting like learners. In other words our story leads to actions that support the story. A Scientific Story A scientifically rigorous story dominates special education practice. The story, in brief, is that learning disability can be attributed to biological and environmental factors. Current models of abnormality are often based on the premise that a person will have a biological disposition toward a disorder, but that the presence of a disorder will also depend on environmental factors (Wortman, Loftus, Weaver, 1999). Brain function consists of biological processes involving genetic tendencies, chemical levels and electrical activity. Normal brain function can be delineated according to normal biological processes. In other words, we assume that learning disability is at least partially caused by excessive deviation from a normal range of biological processes. These biological processes can be measured in terms of genetic profiles, chemical levels (e. g. , hormones found in blood) and electrical levels in the brain. Hence, it is assumed that learning disability can be measured using physiological properties of the brain. These ideas are supported by a dominant scientific culture, where scientific evidence generates facts that cannot be refuted. Special education for children of Aboriginal heritage has been colonized by this scientific rigor story. In schools, we identify learning disabilities as follows: A teacher identifies a student who appears to be struggling, and refers the student to a team of specialists. The specialist tests, diagnoses, labels and sets out a remediation program. The teacher implements the program. It seems like a perfectly reasonable system of trying to help those with disabilities, based on scientifically rigorous knowledge. But the story is flawed in three ways. First, the story of scientific rigor is told by a dominant culture. The colonizers write the books of knowledge, thereby attempting to establish without doubt what is true and what evidence is required to make a truth claim. Culturally laden epistemology certainty invades special education. For example, based on research literature generated by the dominant scientific culture, there is currently little scientific evidence to support a biological cause or disposition for most disorders of the brain (Wortman, et. al. , 1999). It is assumed that biological roots exist that accurately captures a disability label. There is no scientific rigor in labels. The assumptions have pervaded special education and are taken as scientific fact. This is a writing of special education knowledge by colonizers. Second, this scientific rigor story is based on behaviour and biology, while special education practice is based solely on behavior. Teachers, resource teachers, special education consultants and school psychologists base their labels on observing behaviour. Medical technologies are not used to detect genetic make-up, chemical levels or electrical activity in the brain, generating a diagnosis based on deviations from a normal range. We assume that our interpretation of behavior correctly identifies mental disability. But as we are caught inside stories that get in the way, we should not accept our interpretations of behaviour without question. Third, this scientific rigor story is enacted in contradictory ways. To see the contradiction, we need to set the stage by describing physiological and behavioural evidence generated by scientific research. Studies of the physiology of the forebrain and hindbrain have shown that the slow processing of learning cannot occur during a moment of fear (Kalat, 1988). Based on this physiological evidence, educators might wonder about school and classroom environment. If a child is afraid, or afraid to learn, then they will not learn. Researchers have found connections between emotional states and learning (Zimbardo Gerrig, 1996). Evidence of a connection between learning and emotion is accumulating to such an extent that there is a branch of psychological and educational research concerning emotional intelligence (EQ). For example, researchers have found correlations between EQ and ability to learn (Goleman, 1998). It is concluded that emotions should be nurtured as part of intellectual growth. Moving from physiology to behaviour, psychologists have found evidence to support a strong connection between emotion and behaviour. Notable among this research is Glasser’s (1986) claim that as learners we need to have the mental image of ourselves doing that task, we need to know we can do it. For children if we firmly believe that a child could do something and bring them to the same belief, then learning previously thought impossible takes place. We suspect other teachers, based on their personal experiences, have similar beliefs concerning the potential of children to learn. Coupling the physiological and behavioural evidence above suggests that a label is as much responsible for a child’s learning success as any other biological or environmental factor. The stage has been sent for noticing a contradiction in the scientific rigor story within special education. We are colonized to believe the scientific truth that disability is biological and behavioural. Hence, we label disability in hopes of solving the problem. But the same scientific culture generates the truth that labeling at least partially causes the behaviors associated with a disability. We label behaviour, not noticing that our stories mediate, impair and colonize our interpretations of behaviour. Conceptualizing Change There is no doubt in our minds that we are working with the best of intentions. We are not setting out to further disadvantage those who come to us from already established positions of disadvantage impoverished backgrounds, different cultures, stressed families. We are doing the best we can with the knowledge and resources we have. What gets in our way is lack of imagination. We assume that the way we do things is the way to do things. We may be comfortable with some tinkering. But we see ourselves as educated people who are neither racist nor biased, and who are working in a good system, but with damaged and/or deficient people – this story concludes that systemic changes are not required. We have a rigid educational system that states that success is measured in yearly doses and in each of those years students are expected to master a particular body of knowledge. It is an expected linear progression to success. Certain cultural imperatives are in place so that children from the dominant culture will more likely be successful. If you are not successful you are treated. The process of treatment takes away from your sense of competence as a learner, particularly in the school setting. Here we want to become specific. The focus of this paper is on the teaching of Aboriginal learners, and what stops us from being successful. The linear model used in our factory model schools gets in our way. The assumption that we have the one right way gets in our way. History gets in our way. Racism gets in our way. Scientism gets in our way. We are not noticing alternative stories. Previously we wrote (Betts Bailey, in press) about using a different metaphor for education, one that was not linear. We suggested that we use the metaphor of fractal geometry (and all that means in terms of quantum mechanics and chaos theory). In fractal geometry the smallest part is a reflection of the whole. For example a twig is really a little tree. In Aboriginal cosmology the basic unit is the Medicine Wheel, by definition a circular model so nothing is more important than anything else, all is of equal value. Each member of the community is an essential part of the whole. Earth, flora, fauna, human are all part of the circle of life required for existence. Education was a part of the whole, an on-going component of life (Courtney, 1986, Graveline, 1998, Regnier, 1995). We illustrated that a non-linear and holistic story of education was tell-able within ultra-modern Western thinking and within the ancient wisdom of Aboriginal cosmologies. We saw with alternative stories. To see education for children, all of whom are special, rather than special education, as non-linear and holistic seems a place to begin. We also see that a starting part is not enough to catalyze change. It is clear to us that the foreground must be that Aboriginal peoples have been and are oppressed and colonized. We do not need to go into the history of the subjugation of an entire race practiced over the years by the European colonizers. We all know the steps that were taken to destroy any vestige of the civilization that was in place at the time of contact. We get confused as to what to do about it now. After all, it was our ancestors, not us. [5] We see what we are doing now in schools as an extension of that destructive process. Our governments are slowly beginning to allow for the full participation of Aboriginals in our world. But in many small and highly destructive ways we continue to contribute to the marginalization of that population. The world of special education is one place where we continue to do so. Knowing that a high proportion of the identified special population is Aboriginal, we continue to act as we always have, even in the face of evidence that the actions we take are not effective. Paulo Freire (1971) suggests that it takes several generations for a culture to overcome the impact of oppression. Certainly we can see the truth of that statement as we watch many colonized peoples re-learn how to care for and govern themselves. In Canada, Aboriginal peoples are slowly, and over generations, learning how to be who they are, and to be successful in both cultures. This will not happen quickly, but it will happen surely. In the meantime there is no question that our Aboriginal population is dealing with serious problems and some of those impact on the ability of their children to learn, especially using the mores of another culture. Our typical reaction as white educators is to want the Aboriginals to change. All would be right if only kids would come to school and on time. All would be well if their parents would stop drinking. All would be well if so much money wasnt being squandered on band council trips to Las Vegas. All of which may be factual, but does not excuse us from doing what we can to better the situation for the special children. The current reality of an oppressed population does not give us the right to blame the victim. Rather, as Skovsmose points out: †¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"meanings of learning,† â€Å"meanings for students,† and â€Å"each students meaning production† must be investigated and interpreted with reference to the dispositions of the student (including their background and foreground). Meaning production takes place in terms of what the students see as their opportunities, including motives, perspectives, hope and aspirations (p. 8). Therefore in conceptualizing change we of the dominant culture need to place that conceptualization in hands other than ours, in the hands of those who know and honour their unique history and ways of being, who can best find the organic ways of empowering themselves and their children. Having said that we do have some notions of what white educators can do. 1. Overcome our own racism. Get facts and information. Use our intelligence and face ourselves. 2. Accept the conditions. Things are as they are. Oppression has happened. It will take, according to the Bible and past experience, seven generations for the sins of the fathers to be expiated. In the meantime we have been given the task of teaching the children of oppression. What changes can we make to be more successful at that task? 3. Resist labels. Resist the push to find something wrong with the victim, rather change how we do things, how we approach the task. 4. Give our special kids the confidence to learn. Teachers are in positions of authority. Children really do think we know what we are talking about. If we consistently make it clear to children that they are capable of succeeding at the tasks we give them, sooner or later they will believe us. But first we have to genuinely believe that what we say is true. We cannot be faking it. From there we need to practice power-with rather than power-over. [6] 5. Thus we give our special kids the power to learn. We work with them so that they are taking charge of their own learning; we give them agency. This is a difficult task for us to undertake. It means giving up some control, it means not taking the linear approach that gives us comfort and assurance through its familiarity. But difficult is not impossible. 6. Above all be patient. We are not going to get it perfect ever, but we will get better at working with rather than doing to, and the students will get better at taking responsibility and determining what they need to be successful. [7] 7. Then celebrate when a child tells you that they can finally do it because no one ever told them they could before. Maybe the best suggestion we found came from a Native Hawaiian educator, a member of a population that is also dealing with the fall-out of oppression. Malia Kaniaupuni (2005) strongly advocates for using the heritage and knowledge of the children’s culture: As others before me have done, I end by calling for a new framework that brings to the fore Native Hawaiian strengths that have been too long misinterpreted, misrecognised, and undervalued. (p. 32). In his work he makes a convincing argument for strengths-based education, for using a structure that by definition builds on the knowledge and strengths the children bring into the classroom and at the same time begins to change the socio-political conditions. First lets be clear that by strengths based, I do not mean glossing over problems in favour of a rosy picture. Strengths-based research, in my view, begins with the premise of creating social change. In contrast to the expert-driven, top-down approach assumed by deficit models, it means treating the subjects of study as actors within multi-layered contexts and employing the multiple strengths of individuals, families and communities to overcome or prevent difficulties. It is also about empowerment, where the purpose of strengths-based research and evaluation is to benefit the people involved in the study by giving them voice, insight, and political power. †¦ As such it means empowering communities. (p. 35) It would seem obvious that such could be done here for those children who are the fruits of colonial oppression. The work of understanding, telling different stories and taking action continues. Conclusion We are not naive. We know that the process of labeling is the result of the need for funding. We know that with classrooms of more than 20 that kind of individual attention is very difficult. We know that you will be surrounded by administrators, other teachers, parents, even the special children who will tell you to get the testing done and treatment program in place. We know that in the process of de-colonization the oppressed can take on the qualities of the oppressor. But we can become resistors, working with a sure knowledge that we know what doesnt work and that it is way past time to try something radically different. It is clear that the past hundred years or so of schooling directed at Aboriginals has not been a big success. Indeed rather than educating Aboriginals to be successful in the dominant culture, we have an abysmal history of abuse and cultural genocide through education. Many of the abuses of the past are in the past. However, with kindness and deep concern we are using the special education system to continue to marginalize and discredit a large number of Aboriginal children[8]. We are suggesting that maybe things could be better. References Bishop, A. (2002). Becoming an ally: Breaking the cycle of oppression. Fernwood Publishing; Halifax Bloom, B. (1981). All our children learning: A primer for parents, teachers and other educators. McGraw-Hill: New York. Courtney, R. (1986). Island of remorse: Amerindian education in the contemporary world. Curriculum Inquiry, 16(1), pp. 43-65. Freire, P. (1971). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Herder and Herder: New York Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of Freedom. Rowman Littlefield: New York. Gitlin, A. (2005). Inquiry, imagination, and the search for a deep politic. Educational Researcher 34 (3), pp. 15-24. Glasser, W. (1986). Control theory in the classroom. Harper and Rowe: New York. Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York. Bantam Books. Graveline, F. J. (1998). Circle works: Transforming Eurocentric consciousness:Halifax: Fernwood. Iseke-Barnes. J. (2005). Misrepresentation of Indigenous history and science: Public broadcasting, the internet, and education. Discourses: studies on the cultural politics of education 26 (2), pp. 149-165. Kalat, J. (1988). Biological psychology (3rd. ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Malia Kanaiaupuni, S. (2005). Kakalai Ku Kanaka: A call for strengths-based approaches from a Native Hawaiian perspective. Educational Researcher 34(5), pp. 32-37 Regnier, R. (1995). The sacred circle: An Aboriginal approach to healing education at an Urban high school. In M. Battiste J. Barman (Eds. ), First nations Education: The Circle Unfolds (pp. 313-330. (Vancouver: UBC Press) Skovsmose, O. (2005), Foregrounds and politics of learning obstacles. For the learning of mathematics 25 (1), pp. 4-10. Wortman,C. , Loftus, E. , Weaver, C. (1999). Psychology (5th ed. ). New York: Harper Collins College. Zimbardo, P. Gerrig, R. (1996). Psychology and life. New York: Harper Collins College. [1] Bloom (1981) believes that the intellectual potential of all students is pretty much the same. The difference is in history. Malia Kaniaupuni (2005) is concerned that if you focus on a deficit-based approach to education then you often miss the expertise that exists in communities and families, viewing instead outside experts as the only ones capable of fixing our problems. [2] Including Aboriginal, Black, Hispanic, recent immigrants and the poor. [3] Classic racism assumes that the obstacles to learning are to be found in the child. [4] Progressive racism assumes that any weakness in the child is the result of social background. [5] In July 2005, the descendants of the colonizer who razed an Indian village at Clyaquot Sound returned to the village to apologize for the deeds of their forefathers. [6] Anne Bishop in Becoming an Ally: Breaking the Cycle of Oppression (2002), explicates the difference between power-over and power-with, although we tend to think the concept is somewhat self-explanatory [7] Children also fall into the patterns of self-excuse – I have already been told that I cant read so why would I work at it. Dont you know I cant do that. [8] We do believe that this is the case with all children designated special needs. We may not have the answers but we are pretty clear that we do have a considerable problem that we are not prepared to look at squarely.

Monday, January 20, 2020

History Of Football Essay -- Sports Football Essays History

History Of Football Sometime around 1050, Englishmen dug up a skull of a dane and started to kick it around in frustration toward the dane. It became known as â€Å"Kicking the dane’s head† .The skull began to hurt the boy’s feet, so a boy came up with the idea of using an inflated cow bladder to help their feet(Tuttle, 13).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1189, King Henry banned the game, because people were too involved in the game to practice archery and fighting for war(Tuttle, 13). During the 1500’s the game shifted to Ireland where people invented the Irish rules that made the game tougher. As the game progressed it turned into soccer and rugby(Tuttle, 14).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On November 6, 1869, Princeton and Rutgers played the first college soccer game(Tuttle, 14). During the spring of 1871 a group of people at Harvard University made a game called the â€Å"Boston Game†, which was similar to rugby rules(Tuttle, 14).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On May 15, 1874, Harvard played McGill University, which was from Montreal. They played with an egg-shaped ball instead of a round ball(Tuttle, 14). They played with 11 men instead of 15, because 4 could not make the game.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1880, Walter Camp, Yale’s rugby captain, created the line of scrimmage and other modern football attributes to improve the game because it was too low scoring (Tuttle, 13). He also changed the scoring system to: safety-1 point, touchdown-2, Point after touchdown-4, and a field goal-3. He then changed the yards kneeded to gain a first down to 5 and used 3 downs(Tuttle, 16). Later coaches changed Camps’ rules to rules we use now.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1919 the American Professional Football Association was made in Canton, Ohio(Treat, 23). It started out with 5 teams (Akron, Canton, Columbus, Dayton, and Rochester) (Treat, 23). It cost twenty-five dollars to open a franchise(Treat, 23). The Chicago Bears and Green Bay Packers joined the League in 1921 to make one of football’s greatest rivalries. The American Professional Football Association changed its name to the National Football League (NFL) in 1922(Tuttle, 61). By 1923, there were 20 teams in the NFL(Treat, 34). During the 1920’s, mostly due to the depression, the NFL began to drop to only 12 teams(Treat, 35).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to make the scoring increase, the NFL made it legal to throw a forward pass in 1933(Encarta). The defense rushing the quarterback made it difficult to complete passes... ...ta), where it stopped, but started back up again in 1999.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1992 the National Football League started making major changes toward the future. It created Free Agency, because of a lawsuit(Encarta). Free Agency allows players freedom to move around from teams after their contract. The NFL also invented the Salary Cap, which allowed NFL teams only a certain amount of money to spend on players’ contracts(Encarta). Both Free Agency and the Salary Cap have made it easier for teams to have the same amount of talent, and have made tremendous strides into football’s future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The demand for football has become so popular, that during televised games companies will pay millions of dollars for thirty seconds of commercial advertisement space.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stadiums now hold tens of thousands of people. At the University of Michigan, their stadium seats more than 100,000 people. Stadiums are now built with retractable roofs and instant replay at each seat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Several indoor football leagues have started all over the country, where they play with walls and 50 yards. The owner of the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) is expected to open a tough football league in 2001 called the XFL.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Decision Support Systems

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program which is developed with a specific purpose of analyzing business data and presenting it to users to enable them make business decisions easily. It is different with other applications because of its ability to analyze business data and it is therefore an informational application.It can therefore be used in analyzing sales figures within a given period, projecting revenue collections within a specific period of time among others.A decision support system has the ability to present information in a graphical manner for ease of understanding and it can also incorporate an expert system or artificial intelligence.A mathematical model is a Mathematical representation of some kind of reality which is used to find more details about it. Mathematical model can be used to find a solution to a decision problem and assist in planning, it can also be used to find a relationship among the input variables and establish the meaning of a particu lar set of data (Silver, 1991). Mathematical model can take the form of dynamic systems, differential equations, statistical models etc.This is a case study of Decision Support System called ACRPLAN which Bayer Cooperation installed to assists it with financial planning and budgeting. Some of the problems that the company was encountering during budgeting planning are slow budgeting process, difficulties in obtaining financial data to use in budgeting.This was a problem because all the company’s data were stored in various computers and obtaining them in all the company’s department was quite difficult. There was also inefficient in communication methods between the different departments of the company.There was no single person who could understand the whole company’s data from all the departments and present it to the budgeting personnel to assist with budgeting purposes. The company was also faced with another problem of generating several budgets hence creat ing redundant data during budget generation. These most of the redundant data occupied the company’s resources and were never used.The management of the company was also faced with another problem of lack of sufficient data for decision making. The budgeting process was tedious and time consuming so the managers had to wait for all the company’s data to be gathered and the budget be drawn.The company was previously using excel worksheets which required manual input of data and this process increased the company’s budgeting costs since it had to hire data entry clerks to enter data to the excel worksheets. The excel worksheet was sophisticated and required a lot of training.The company was growing at a very high rate and this was creating problems to the budgeting team because they could not accommodate all the requirements of the extraordinary growth of the company. The other problem was integrating the company’s business processes and the planning proces s which were increasingly becoming complicated (Gachet, 2004).The volume of data that the company was generating was also high and analyzing this data for financial planning purposes was quite difficult. Most of the company’s personnel were doctors, sales people, and research scientist who had little knowledge of financial planning and budgeting.This created problems because the company’s financial data was quite complex and the company had to hire a financial expert to analyze the data and generate the company’s budget.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Challenges Faced With Supply Chain Management Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2055 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Strong Bridge provides solution for all consulting and advisory related requirements. We have developed complete integrated business solution, which can handle sales, purchase, inventory, customer loyalty programs, front store management and central store with warehousing for clients in industries like Retail and Distribution, Finance and Insurance, Service and Healthcare. With Strong Bridges Supply Chain Management (SCM) services, businesses are able to plan, implement, optimize and control their supply chains better than ever before. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Challenges Faced With Supply Chain Management Business Essay" essay for you Create order Strong Bridges SCM approach is beneficial to client in Reduction of Inventory Carrying Cost, Improving Purchasing Power, Retaining the client, Reducing pilferage and improving overall efficiency of the business operations. Strong Bridge supply chain management (SCM) systems are used to manage the movement of products and services from dealers to consumers. These systems are used to manage demand, warehouses, trade logistics, transportation, and other issues concerning facilities, and movement and transformation of materials on their way to customers. Strong Bridge Supply Chain Management solutions also include functionality for international trade and logistics, demand management, supplier relationship management and service parts planning. Strongbridges Supply chain management system is most efficient and when it comes to international transportation facilities. Challenges in Supply Chain Management SCM has become a necessity especially for manufacturing industry when it comes to deliver products at a competitive cost and at a higher quality than their competitors. Todays business climate has rapidly changed and has become more competitive as ever in nature. Businesses now not only need to operate at a lower cost to compete, it must also develop its own core competencies to distinguish itself from competitors and stand out in the market. In creating the competitive edge, companies need to divert its resources to focus on what they do best and outsource the process and task that is not important to the overall objective of the company. SCM has allowed company to reconsideration their entire process and reorganize it so that they can focus on its core competencies and outsource practices that are not within the core competencies of the firm. Due to the current expensive market, it is the only way for a business to continue. The stratagem of applying SCM will not only impac t their market positioning but also strategic decision on choosing the right partners, resources and manpower. By focusing on core competencies also will allow the company to create niches and specialization of core areas. In order for your company to sustain relevant in todays marketplace, it is essential to continually look to evolve your supply chain process. Enterprises that prosper and minimize their costs while maximizing their revenues and keeping clients happy recognize that this practice of constant supply chain growth depends on on well thought out and well applied redesign efforts to perform more efficient supply chain planning. Strong Bridge Supply chain system helps client to fill customer orders, to track the physical location or status of goods and materials, and manage their flows effectively and subsequently supports in managing both the aspects of planning and execution. Strong Bridge provides effective SCP with the support of the system has a dependable proc ess for collecting up-to-date information about customer orders, production status, and sales and delivery fulfilments. Strong Bridge Expertise We take very wide spectrum engagements in the supply chain practice. We can help clients take very operational action to straightaway improve supply chain performance indicators, such as delivery accuracy or flexibility. We can also help with more long-term changes such as defining a new supply chain strategy or determining optimal locations for plants and distribution centres. Our client sees an opportunity for increased sales and/or lower cost through better supply chain performance. Across the Operations Practice, generalist consultants and practice specialists work side-by-side. Generalist consultants join Strong Bridge directly after business school, or have a few years experience, and can take on projects across different functional themes. When we staff an engagement team we take into account what is required for the specific situation. The practice has an immense global reach and ability to pull in people and knowledge from across the world. We come from all imaginabl e sectors: retail, high tech, automotive, pharmaceutical and chemicals, even aerospace and defence organizations. We are distinctive in what we do. We work with Clients and Collaborate to develop New Knowledge. We always start by understanding the root causes for missed performance targets. Strong Bridge puts a significant amount of resource into knowledge development, often in cooperation with our clients. Supply chain is a fast moving area, and working so closely with the leading global companies, in combination with heavy investment in our internal knowledge initiatives, allows us to keep pace with development. Strong Bridge strategy We offer Supply Chain Management services to the operations department of clients organization in various functionalities like research and development, engineering, production, materials, plant management, delivery, purchase, and shipping, to name a few. It helps people in operations to attain results by ensuring the delivery of quality products on time to the right place. Strong Bridge strategy supports the creditable services meeting the needs of businesses throughout the world. Our experience working with both small and large organizations has developed our services in assessing and presenting service options to suit your needs. We recognize the dynamic requirements of our clients and develop business models to accommodate their needs. Strong Bridge SCM Services delivers value added services which strengthen the supply chain process ultimately providing clients with greater efficiencies. Our supply chain strategy offers solutions for companies in a range of industries and helps our clients gain a unique perspective, which comes from working together with service providers and clients alike. Strongbridge offers its clients. Demand Chain Management Strongbridge demand chain management benefits in management of upstream and downstream contacts between  suppliers  and  customers  to deliver the best value to the customer at the least  cost  to the demand chain  as a whole. Our demand chain system is a tool to bridge the gap between the  customer relationship management  and the supply chain management. Our supply chain processes are managed to deliver best value according to the demand of the customers. Demand planning service offered by strong Bridge helps you determine which products and how much of these must be produced at which particular point in time so that all customer orders will be fulfilled or served promptly. Our Performance practice can develop and manage your entire demand chain the strategies, people, and systems. By identifying the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that drive your demand chain, we can help you constantly determine whats working or not. Strong Bridge can help your com pany become a Demand Chain Leader. Companies large or small in size can become Demand Chain Leaders and move their company beyond Supply Chain Management. Demand Chain Leadership results in increased customer satisfaction, increased revenue, and increased profit levels on the bottom line. Demand Chain Leadership sets your company apart from the competition and gives you the competitive edge for growth. Integrated Business Planning  (IBP) It refers to the technologies, applications and processes of connecting the planning function across the enterprise to improve organizational alignment and financial performance. IBP accurately represents a holistic model of the company  in order to link  strategic planning  and  operational planning  with  financial planning. We deploy IBP and help clients to leverage the organizations information assets to evaluate plans and activities based on the true economic impact of each consideration. Our IBP service transforms planning into a decisive competitive advantage by: Providing an integrated planning platform across marketing, operations and finance Generating a holistic understanding of performance drivers Quantifying the financial impact and interdependencies across planning alternatives Optimizing strategic planning and resource allocation Balancing sales and operations planning for profitability Quantifying financial risk Increasing busi ness flexibility Supply Chain Optimization Strong Bridge also helps in optimizing your supply chain by combining resources in a supply chain with the intent of eliminating bottlenecks and other problems that interfere with the process and helping the supply chain function in a more smooth, timely and cost-effective manner. We use various methods to analyse supply chain data and create simulations that help supply chain planners make decisions that help them reach their goals more effectively. We can alert our clients beforehand who want to pursue a course of action that wouldnt be feasible based on available resources saving them precious time and money and helps them to decide on an alternate course of action that would allow them to achieve the objective they wish to achieve through other means. Our client preference and demand become one of the key importance factors for optimizing the supply chain system. The globalization of applications such as marketing and distribution has led to the creation of the global sup ply chain and added additional layers of complexity to the process. Strong Bridge can support in minimizing these complexities. How Does Supply Chain Optimization Solve Problems Our Supply chain optimization not only helps in improving customer satisfaction, but also keeping their supply chain costs to a minimum. Specifically, optimizing your supply chain is done with the purpose of eliminating or at least minimizing the supply chain issues that would normally arise when either time or resources are limited. Because it takes time to acquire materials, manufacture products, and deliver these products to customers, and even the largest and most established companies have limited resources for performing these activities, a considerable effort must be made in order to keep customers happy. This effort begins with advanced and detailed planning, and continues with effective execution of that plan. However, even under the best of circumstances, problems arise. Supply chain optimization attempts to systematically prevent those problems from arising or to provide solutions to them if they do occur. Supply chain optimization efforts make use of strong Bri dge models that helps to represent how these internal and external factors (constraints) relate to the companys desired objectives. Benefits of Supply Chain Optimization Supply chain optimization encompasses the entire process of combining resources in a supply chain with the intent of streamlining the process and leading to faster, more efficient and more profitable results. Supply chain optimization uses models and planning to formulate solutions to internal problems and external problems. Internal supply chain problems can take the form of complex decisions that the supply chain planner has to make, while external problems stem from the supply chain itself. SB SCM optimization helps in synchronizing concurrent planning, planning levels, and real-time planning and execution. Taking advantage of these services is a crucial part of ensuring that your business remains profitable and your customers remain happy. Enterprise Resource Planning The goal of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems is the successful integration of a companys data and processes in to a single unified system. Vendors can observe highest benefit by consolidating both SCM  and ERP systems. Suppliers observe more value added by opting for both supply chain and Enterprise resource planning. Supply chain management (SCM) along with enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, means more than getting the right resources to the right place at the right time. It also means optimally tuning the sequence of events involved in producing goods and distributing them to customers. Our supply chain management system (SCM) has the potential to become a critical success factor for implementing lean manufacturing and helps to define product structure, costing information, financial information and reports and is a useful tool in the decision-making process. The  SCM  features of Strong Bridge assists you in streamlining your operations to make t hem more efficient and cost-effective. We provide our supply chain offerings to both manufacturing and service organizations. It has emerged as the new key to productivity and competitiveness of manufacturing and service enterprises. Strong Bridge Advantage We assist you in solving the complex problems of just-in-time manufacturing, inventory reduction, and efficient manufacture and delivery of goods to outdo your competitors. Increase top-line profit growth through supplier collaboration. Increase customer service and decrease stock-outs. Reduce inventory carrying costs. Optimize your value chain for cost reduction and profit improvement. Reduce operating costs, corporate-wide. Increase competitiveness. Create supply chain visibility, including among trading partners. Adapt quickly to changing market conditions and adjust accordingly without detrimental customer impact. Determining product price and availability, determining alternate product logistics, and ensuring that manufacturing materials are available when needed. Maximizing the effectiveness Reducing the number of products returned.